This report evaluates the wholesomeness of foods treated with ionizing energy when used for food processing and pest control. It reviews the physical nature of ionizing radiation, sources of natural and induced radiation exposure, and the mechanisms by which ionizing energy interacts with food components and microorganisms. The assessment examines toxicological safety, microbiological safety, and nutritional quality of irradiated foods, including the formation and significance of radiolytic products. Evidence from animal feeding studies, human consumption data, and government and international evaluations is reviewed to determine whether irradiation introduces health risks or compromises food quality. The report also considers irradiation in comparison with conventional food processing and preservation methods, as well as its effectiveness in controlling foodborne pathogens and insect pests. Based on the available scientific data and regulatory reviews at the time of publication, the task force concludes that foods irradiated under approved conditions are wholesome and safe for human consumption and that ionizing energy is a viable and effective food processing technology when properly applied.