Global trade and human activities have accelerated the introduction of non-native plant species, leading to significant ecological and economic impacts worldwide. Invasive plants are major drivers of biodiversity loss and ecosystem disruption, with projected increases in establishment due to climate change and habitat alteration. This paper explores the invasion process, pathways of introduction, and the role of risk assessment in preventing future invasions. It reviews qualitative, semi-quantitative, and quantitative risk assessment approaches, their applications in regulatory and non-regulatory contexts, and associated tools used in the United States and internationally. The paper also addresses barriers to implementation, the influence of climate change, and the need for proactive strategies such as horizon scanning and cultivar evaluation. Recommendations emphasize improving coordination, standardization, and integration of climate projections into risk assessments to enhance prevention and early detection efforts.