Many rely on just a few to provide food and fiber—and crop protection techniques are a major factor in this essential productivity. Innovation and a push for the development of integrated plant protection technologies must continue to provide effective, economical, and efficient pest management. The authors of this CAST Issue Paper examine the current plant protection revolution that is driven by the biological realities of pesticide resistance, various market forces, and real or perceived side effects of pesticides. This science-based review considers many plant protection trends, considers new technologies, and examines current biotech advancements.