When selecting a carcass disposal method, producers must consider the number of mortalities, cause of death, potential infectious agents, environmental implications, regulatory requirements, and costs. This Issue Paper provides a comprehensive summary of the scientific, technical, and social aspects of ruminant carcass disposal technologies, drawing on a Kansas State University report. The authors discuss predominant methods including burial and landfill, rendering, composting, incineration, and alkaline hydrolysis, with an appendix addressing special considerations for disease-infected material.